Understanding the Different Types of Lavender

Lavender is a popular plant known for its fragrant aroma and vibrant purple flowers. Gardeners and aromatherapy enthusiasts appreciate it for its calming properties. There are several types of lavender, each with unique characteristics. This guide will help you identify and understand the main types of lavender.

English Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia)

English lavender is one of the most common species. It is prized for its sweet scent, which is stronger than other types. The plant features narrow leaves and spikes of flowers that are often deep purple.

• Height: Usually grows between 1 to 2 feet tall
• Climate: Thrives in cool climates, particularly suitable for USDA zones 5-8
• Uses: Commonly used in cooking, potpourri, and essential oils

French Lavender (Lavandula dentata)

French lavender is recognized by its serrated leaves and milder fragrance. The flowers are typically lighter in color. This type is less hardy than English lavender but blooms for a longer time.

• Height: Can grow up to 2-3 feet tall
• Climate: Prefers warmer climates, ideal for USDA zones 8-11
• Uses: Often grown for ornamental purposes and in aromatherapy

Spanish Lavender (Lavandula stoechas)

Spanish lavender stands out with its distinct flower heads, which resemble pineapples topped with petals. The fragrance is more herbal compared to its English and French counterparts.

• Height: Typically reaches 1-2 feet in height
• Climate: Grows well in hot climates, suitable for USDA zones 8-9
• Uses: Popular in landscaping, also used in potpourri

Lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia)

Lavandin is a hybrid of English and Portuguese lavenders. It has a strong fragrance and is commercially significant for its oil. The plant is larger than both its parents and blooms later in the season.

• Height: Can grow up to 2-3 feet or more
• Climate: Best for USDA zones 5-9, more tolerant of humidity
• Uses: Widely used in the production of essential oils and perfumes

Portuguese Lavender (Lavandula latifolia)

Portuguese lavender is known for its broad leaves and camphor-like scent. It blooms earlier than other types. The flowers are usually a lighter, softer purple.

• Height: Grows to about 2-3 feet tall
• Climate: Prefers USDA zones 6-10
• Uses: Extracted for its essential oil, which is high in camphor

Woolly Lavender (Lavandula lanata)

Woolly lavender gets its name from the soft, white hairs covering its leaves. This type is more delicate and requires specific growing conditions. Its flowers are typically a vivid purple.

• Height: Generally reaches 1-2 feet
• Climate: Suitable for USDA zones 8-9, needs a dry environment
• Uses: Primarily ornamental

Goodwin Creek Lavender (Lavandula x ginginsii)

Goodwin Creek lavender is a versatile hybrid, notable for its silvery foliage and extended blooming period. It offers a pleasing fragrance and is relatively easy to grow.

• Height: Grows to about 2 feet tall
• Climate: Prefers USDA zones 7-10
• Uses: Perfect for gardens, pots, and borders