Do Geraniums Come Back Every Year?

Geraniums, known for their vibrant blossoms and pleasant fragrance, are a popular choice for gardeners. The question of whether geraniums come back every year can be complex. It largely depends on the type of geranium and the climate in which they are grown.

Understanding Geranium Varieties

There are two main types of geraniums: perennial and annual. Perennial geraniums, commonly known as hardy geraniums or cranesbills, are more likely to return each year. Annual geraniums, often referred to as Pelargoniums, thrive in warmer climates but may not survive cold winters.

Hardy Geraniums

Hardy geraniums are true perennials. They are resilient and can survive winter in many regions. These plants go dormant in the winter and resurge in the spring, producing flowers and foliage. They are suitable for USDA hardiness zones 3-8. Popular varieties include Geranium macrorrhizum and Geranium sanguineum.

Pelargoniums

Pelargoniums are often mistaken for geraniums but are a different genus. These are typically treated as annuals in temperate climates as they cannot endure frost. In USDA zones 9-11, Pelargoniums can survive year-round. Common types include zonal geraniums and ivy-leaf geraniums.

Winter Care for Pelargoniums

If you live in a region with frosty winters, you can take steps to save your Pelargoniums. Before the first frost, dig up the plants, trim back the foliage, and store them in a cool, dark place. Alternatively, grow them in pots and bring them indoors during the cold months. These steps can help Pelargoniums survive the winter and bloom again in the spring.

Climate’s Role

Climate significantly influences whether geraniums come back every year. In cooler climates with harsh winters, hardy geraniums are a better choice. Warmer regions can support both hardy geraniums and Pelargoniums, allowing them to thrive year-round.

Planting and Maintenance

Understanding your climate zone is essential for selecting the right type of geranium. Hardy geraniums prefer well-drained soil and partial to full sunlight. They need minimal maintenance once established. Pelargoniums thrive in a sunny spot with well-drained soil but need regular watering and feeding during the growing season.

Propagation

Both types of geraniums can be propagated to ensure their return each year. Hardy geraniums can be divided in spring or autumn. Pelargoniums can be propagated through cuttings taken in late summer. These methods are cost-effective and ensure continuity in your garden.

Benefits of Growing Geraniums

Aside from their beauty, geraniums offer several benefits. They attract pollinators such as bees and butterflies, enhancing your garden’s ecosystem. Some varieties have medicinal properties and can be used in traditional remedies. Geraniums also deter pests like mosquitoes.

Common Issues

Geraniums are generally low-maintenance but can face issues like fungal diseases, pests, and nutrient deficiencies. Regular inspection and prompt treatment can prevent long-term damage. Using well-draining soil and avoiding overwatering can mitigate many common problems.

Conclusion

Whether geraniums come back every year depends on various factors, including the type of geranium, climate, and care provided. Hardy geraniums are more likely to return annually, especially in cooler climates. Pelargoniums can survive year-round in warmer regions or with proper winter care. Understanding these factors can help you enjoy beautiful blooms year after year.